Ibuprofen is a medication used to treat pain, fever, and inflammation. It belongs to a class of medications called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Ibuprofen works by reducing the production of prostaglandins, which are chemicals in the body that cause inflammation, pain, and fever. It is commonly used to treat conditions such as headaches, muscle aches, arthritis, menstrual cramps, and minor injuries. Ibuprofen is available over-the-counter or with a prescription in higher doses.